Design Differences in Qualitative vs. Quantitative Research :: sociology,

The design differences in qualitative research in similarity to quantitative research plainly seen be these qualitative research involves words, pictures, or objects quantitative involves data in the form of numbers and statistics. The researcher uses in-depth interviews in qualitative research to find out how the crushs view their world. In quantitative research the researcher uses precise measurement to predict hypotheses. In qualitative research the researcher changes the environment of the subject and uses these in-depth questionnaires to find differing attitudes about the world we live in. Quantitative flock be personal, such as in periodic visits with the researchers to analysis symptoms and book data. Qualitative and quantitative can overlap in the in-dept interview process in quantitative research to record data and test subjects for symptoms. The two designs can overlap but there are finally differences such as numerical data collection and statistics that will always be at odds.I will always disagree with the statement that quantitative research is impersonal since experience is the best knowledge to know that is not true even though on the surface quantitative research seems impersonal because raw data is obtained. It first begins with the interview in both methods. Then it progresses and branches off into two rattling different methods. The human quality is there throughout the study in quantitative research though you are required to impute data into the dust daily. When you meet with the researchers periodically you are reminded of the human quality. Researchers in all research care about their subjects, if even in professional way. In ending, these are the determinate differences between the two methods that are most recognized The quantitative method first involves a theory and hypothesis clearly stated in the beginning, the qualitative methods do not formulate a hypothesis until the end of the study. Secondly, the quantitative method i nvolves manipulation and control. An example of manipulation is the drug the control is the placebo. The drug is the instrument, you are being experimented on, the data you give is analyzed and a theory or hypothesis is reasoned. Then the data is reduced to statistics that are abstract and understandable by statististitians. Secondly in comparison, qualitative research ends with the hypothesis, involves emergence and portrayal of the world through the subjects eyes, the researcher changes the subjects environment so the he/she can observe how the subject reacts in certain ways, the researcher measures emotional responses and is directly involved in the research as being a confederate, or an impartial observer.

Astrocyte-Neuron Lactate Shuttle and Hemodynamic Brain Scans Essay

Astrocyte-Neuron Lactate Shuttle and Hemodynamic Brain ScansHemodynamic brain scans such as Positron Emission Tomography (PET) and functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) pitch been of immense utility in the neuroscience fields in illuminating the components and modulation of brain function. However, these hemodynamic brain scans have afforded utility without brain scientists truly understanding the mechanics by which they produce signals. Previously, it had been accepted without verification that the images produced by such techniques were direct results of neuronal exertion. However, new techniques in studying brain function have revealed that when astrocyte activity is inhibited, hemodependent brain scans do not function (Halber 2008). Additionally, other studies have demonstrated that astrocytes display finely tuned responses to stimuli (Halber 2008) which are amenable to communication with from each one other in networks via calcium-wave propagation. In light of the se new findings in regards to astrocyte function and communication, their influence on hemodynamic brain scans would offer much lucidity to our current understanding of neuropathology and neuromodulation. General Findings of astrocytic Influence on Brain ScansBoth PET and fMRI scans are hemodependent brain scans. However, the mechanism by which each works do differ from each other by which fundamental principle of blood flow they measure. In fMRI, a BOLD-signal (blood-oxygen-level-dependent) measurement is utilized which is then translated into working images. PET scans require a radioactive labeled tracer which accumulates in areas of activation. These active areas are then expressed in imaging techniques that interpret the level of activation. However,... ...arch 2009. doi10.1016/j.tins.2008.11.005Mo. (2008, June 20). Starring mathematical function in the brain for astrocytes Web log post. Retrieved from http//scienceblogs.com/neurophilosophy/2008/06/astrocytes_starring_role _in_the_brain.phpSchummers, J., Yu, H., & Sur, M. (2008). Tuned responses of astrocytes and their influence on hemodynamic signals in the visual cortex. Science, 320, 1638-1643. doi 10.1126/science.1156120Segelken, R. (2004). CU laser microscopy technique settles brain chemistry debate, could aid studies of Alzheimers, slam damage. Cornell Chronicle. Retrieved from http//www.news.cornell.edu/chronicle/04/7.1.04/astrocyte-neuron.htmlVaishnavi S.N., Vlassenko A.G., Rundle M.M., Snyder A.Z., Mintun M.A., Raichle, M.E.,(2010). Regional aerobic glycolysis in the human brain. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U SA. 107, 1775717762. doi 10.1073/pnas.1010459107

Duke basketball :: essays research papers

Duke BasketballIf you want to lambaste about success stories, Duke basketball is the one to talk about. This miracle didnt just happen overnight, it took time. Krzyzewski became coach in 1980-81 with not a lot of talent. He makes big moves in recruiting in 1982. Some of the people he recruited include Johnny Dawkins, Mark Alarie, David Henderson, Jay Bilas and Weldon Williams. People looked at this new and approved police squad as one of the nations best team. This started the miracle the still lives on today. Joining this powerful team was guard Tommy Amaker in 1983. Duke won 24 games in 1984 and earned the first NCAA bid under train K. With the same boys, they were now seniors, the 1986 Duke team won an NCAA-record 37 games while claiming titles in the Big Apple NIT, ACC regular season, ACC tourney and the NCAA East Regional. They made a school record with a 21-game winning outpouring during the year. They were victorious at home, advanced to the NCAA Championship game in Dal las and played more games than any other team in college basketball history. With the loss of the five seniors, more expected Duke to start losing again. Coach Krzyzewski was going backwards, he wanted to keep moving forward. . The team won 24 games and advanced to the Sweet 16 of the NCAA Tournament before losing to eventual national champion Indiana in 1987. Amaker closed out his career as the National Defensive Player of the family, while Coach K looks back at the season as the one that showed people how Duke was going to become a winning basketball program. The 1987-88 season began the schools amazing streak of five straight NCAA Final Four appearances as the Blue Devils won 28 games, again swept to the ACC title, won another East Regional relief and ended up in Kansas City. Senior Billy King followed Amaker by winning the National Defensive Player of the Year award, the second in a row by a Blue Devil. The role of leadership again fell to the senior class in 1988-89. This ti me it was the National Player of the Year Danny Ferry, Quin Snyder and John Smith taking the role. They lead the team to another trip to the NCAA Final Four with a win over favored Georgetown in the East Regional final.In 1989-90, seniors Alaa Abdelnaby, Robert Brickey and Phil Henderson again took a big role.

Duke basketball :: essays research papers

Duke BasketballIf you want to talk about success stories, Duke basketball is the integrity to talk about. This miracle didnt just happen overnight, it took time. Krzyzewski became coach in 1980-81 with not a lot of talent. He makes life-sized moves in recruiting in 1982. Some of the people he recruited included Johnny Dawkins, Mark Alarie, David Henderson, Jay Bilas and Weldon Williams. People looked at this new and authorize police squad as one of the nations best team. This started the miracle the still lives on today. Joining this powerful team was guard Tommy Amaker in 1983. Duke won 24 games in 1984 and earn the first NCAA bid under Coach K. With the same boys, they were now seniors, the 1986 Duke team won an NCAA-record 37 games while claiming titles in the Big Apple NIT, ACC regular season, ACC tourney and the NCAA East Regional. They made a school record with a 21-game winning streak during the year. They were undefeated at home, advanced to the NCAA Championship game i n Dallas and compete more games than any other team in college basketball history. With the loss of the five seniors, many expected Duke to start losing again. Coach Krzyzewski was going backwards, he valued to keep moving forward. . The team won 24 games and advanced to the Sweet 16 of the NCAA Tournament before losing to eventual national champion Indiana in 1987. Amaker closed out his career as the National Defensive Player of the Year, while Coach K looks back at the season as the one that showed people how Duke was going to become a winning basketball program. The 1987-88 season began the schools amazing streak of five straight NCAA Final Four appearances as the depressed Devils won 28 games, again swept to the ACC title, won another East Regional championship and ended up in Kansas City. Senior Billy mightiness followed Amaker by winning the National Defensive Player of the Year award, the second in a row by a Blue Devil. The role of leadership again fell to the senior cl ass in 1988-89. This time it was the National Player of the Year Danny Ferry, Quin Snyder and John Smith taking the role. They lead the team to another trip to the NCAA Final Four with a win over favored Georgetown in the East Regional final.In 1989-90, seniors Alaa Abdelnaby, Robert Brickey and Phil Henderson again took a big role.

Anschluss

Anschluss A Summary What was Anschluss? The Treaty of Versailles was created in 1919 designating every(prenominal) the new laws being enforced on Europe after WWI. Anschluss was one of these it forbade Germany from making a political union with Austria. Due to this law Hitler had to find a way of making it seem as though Austria wanted the union. Hitlers plan He was boosted by his successes in 1936/1937 and now felt that Austria and Germany should become one German-speaking country. Austria felt the same callable to its economic instability.The Nazi party was strong in Austria and Hitler encouraged his party to wreak havoc in Austria through demonstrations and riots. Hitler used this problem as an condone to bully the Chancellor of Austria, Kurt Schuschnigg, into an agreement. Schuschnigg rebelled by turning the choice of a union to the public through a referendum. Hitler worried that he would not withstand this choose so he used force. His army was brought in as a persuasive el ement. Consequently, 99. 75% of the Austrians voted for a union. Hitler had succeeded.This union had been allowed without the interference of either Britain or France. The British Chamberlain actually felt that the TOV was wrong to have disconnected Austria and Germany. Furthermore, Britains Lord Halifax had even suggested to Hitler that there would be no protest towards Anschluss on Britains part. Consequently, this meant that all of Austrias wealth would add to Germanys already expanding empire, through the form of weapons, soldiers, gold and iron. The Nazis were creeping in like maggots into a dying(p) animal.

Graduate Unemployment in Malaysia

Unemployed graduates have become a cause of concern in Malaysia. The findings of a Graduate Tracer Study in 2006 involving 132 900 graduates from institutions of higher skill all over Malaysia indicated that 30.7% of graduates remained unemployed six months after graduation, while 5.7% were still awaiting job placement (Tan, 2007). The Minister of Human Resources revealed that more fe virile graduates in this unsophisticated were unemployed because they lacked the relevant skills required in the labor market despite having excellent academic results. The number was much higher in comparison to male graduates (Nor Hartini, 2007). As there are so many unemployed graduates at present, we need to find out why this problem exists and what can be through with(p) to overcome it.One reason for this problem is that the focus of higher education institutions and the needs of the labor market for graduates are not as compatible as they were twenty years ago. The labor market is now more comp etitive and volatile. As a result, graduates, face difficulties in getting jobs because they are not ca-ca for the industry (Tan, 2007). For instance, the knowledge of Information and Communications Technology (ICT) acquired by students does not quite meet the expectations of the industry.Lack of invite and skills are also causes of graduate unemployment. Generally, almost organizations prefer to employ graduates with experience. Furthermore, in Malaysia, the private sector today is not interested in recruiting local graduates because they lack essential skills, such as technique in English and interpersonal skills (Nor Hartini, 2007). There appears to be a disparity between what employers require and what skills graduates have.In view of this, the government has implemented several measures to geld the problem of graduate unemployment. One such measure is the introduction of several training programmes for fresh graduates. For instance, the Ministry of Human Resources, through their training agencies, has introduced the Unemployed Graduates Training system of rules in order to equip graduates with certain skills and experience (Chapman, Chew & Tan, 2007). The Domestic Trade and Consumer Affairs Ministry, likewise, has initiated a programme where established retailers have started recruiting graduates and diploma holders as management trainees. This scheme aims to not only provide employment opportunities for fresh graduates but also to expose them to fields in the private sector separate than the ones they specialized in (Chin, 2007).Another measure involves a review of the third education system. Soft skill development should be incorporated into the education political program where students can participate in extra curricular activities to enhance sonant skills such as personal qualities, interpersonal skills and critical and creative thinking (Nor Hartini, 2007). These soft skills should be acquired through participation in extra curricular activi ties while they are studying for their degrees. A lecturer, for instance, can develop students skills and knowledge by touch their minds with discussions and case studies. According to Nor Hartini, these skills will enable them to communicate effectively, manage relationships, lead a team, solve problems and succeed in the job market.Thus, it is evident that lack of skills and experience are the main causes for graduate unemployment. To overcome this problem, the Ministry of Higher Education must ensure that the tertiary education system is relevant and up-to-date. It should continually evaluate the tertiary programs to help produce quality graduates who meet the needs of industries. Also, industries need to play their part by providing more opportunities for training fresh graduates while the graduates themselves need to be more open and take up these offers.

Management Case study Essay

Case Study1. How do info technologies contribute to the rail line supremacy of the companies depicted in the case? Provide an example from each partnership explaining how the engineering implemented let to improved performance.Information technologies atomic number 18 imperative to billetes and organizations that ask to be successful. In this case, in that respect were three companies that demonstrated how culture technologies helped their business. The first company was eCourier. eCourier delivers packages around London and wanted to keep real-time tabs on node satisfaction(Textbook, pg 5). eCourier used SeeWhy softw are to help give them node information faster. This software allowed eCourier to see when clients accounts were going dormant or if there were changes in the bookings. With this new data, eCourier saved money by non having to add extra staff to monitor who was happy with service and who was not.The second company was Cablecom. Cablecom was similarly intere sted customer satisfaction. They used statistical software to look through customer data and filter out trouble. They also found that utilise slew research in combination with statistical software gave a more accurate look at customer satisfaction or dissatisfaction. These two information technologies allowed Cablecom to see which customers were unhappy and helped them retain those customers. Finally, the third company was a law firm called Bryan Cave. Bryan Cave needed an alternative to the hourly fee normally charged by law firms. Clients wanted fixed pricing and pricing that was adjusted during a project (Textbook, pg 6).The law firm had spreadsheets to help breakdown the collection of fees and how a best deal profit was beingness made but these spreadsheets were difficult and confusing. The company used business intelligent tools to help lawyers track budgets in real time so that they could quickly cultivate adjustments(Textbook, pg. 6). The use of this technology led to improved profitability for the law firm and also improvement in hours reverseed by fee earners in the law firm.2. In the case of law firm Bryan Cave discussed above, the use of BI technology to improve the availability, access, and presendation of existinginformation allowed them to provide shipshape and innovative services to their customers. What other professions could expediency from a similar use of these technologies, and how? Develop two different possibilities. Many professions laughingstock use business intelligence agency activity tools just like in the case of Bryan Cave law firm. The banking industry can use BI tools to stay agonistic. With competition nature and increasing everywheredue regulatory legislation surrounding fiscal institutions, it is imperative that financial institutions monitor customers behaviors related to consumption of banking products in an effort to retain the customers. stock intelligence tools are being developed and marketed to banks to help monitor, conk out accounts, and de edgeine customer profitability. This type of business intelligence tool would help the banks market to new customers based on their propensity to purchase products based on transaction behavior and other products the customers receivedly utilize. Additionally, a business intelligience tool that performs an analysis of the current fee structure charged for existing products in relation to the competition in the marketplace would help the bank determine if their pricing structure is competitive and in note of hand with the competition. This technology would also help financial institutions identify which customers are profitable and whether or not fees should be increased or reduced. Currently, chemic Bank has implemented a business intelligience tool that commerical lenders leave behind utilize by cross rreferencing their loan portfolio and any prospect against to determine the profitability of the customer in relation to the companys ret urn on equity. The business intelligience tool will help the commerical lenders determined if the loan rate is in line given certain parameters such as the market, financial statements, and the customers business plan. Additionally, the tool will help determine if packaging a cortege of products would benefit the customer if more products and services of the bank were utilized. Finally, Chemical Bank is investigating an innovative business intelligence tool called data cube is being considered for implementation. The data cubes would be developed from different reports for regional sales charabancs allowing them to manipulate the data to be more useful strategic planning and determining staffing solutions.BS&A softwarecompany could benefit from business intelligence tools. BS& A provides tax software and assessing software to many Michigan townships and cities. Each weapons platform communicates with any of the other BS& A platforms. From personal experience it is a wonderful pro gram. To help retain current clients BS& A could use visual modality research to see what needs to be enhanced for each client or what needs to be simplified for each client. This would allow the company to then(prenominal) tailor its software to fit each customers needs. At the township I work, we needed a way to enter credit dining table payments into our tax program from BS & A. The alone payments accepted in the software were checks and cash.By filling out the look and sending it back via internet I was immediately contacted and the program writers made the necessary changes that allowed me to enter when a client of the township paid with a credit card. I was real satisfied with the results and BS & A retained my township as one of their clients.Case Study 3Cablecom developed a prediction model to breach identify those customers at risk of switching to other company in the near future. In addition to those noted in the case, what other actions could be taken if that infor mation were acquirable? Give intimately examples of these. Would you consider letting some customers leave anyway? Why?Cablecom used two softwares, SPSSs statistical software and SPSSs Dimensions survey research software, to study customer dissatisfaction.SPSSs statistical software tells1. How many times enigma occurred2. How long does it took to fix the problemDrawbacks of this software This may or may not tell what the problem was. SPSSs Dimensions survey research software tells1. After how many months of service customers gets dissatisfied- 9 months 2. When customers switch most- between 12-14 monthsDrawback why to gestate till 7-9 months to aim the problem?Actions to prevent switchingFind the problem, fix the problem Send monthly satisfaction surveys to find the problem areas. If pack are not responding very good then add some incentives to it like lucky prizes from the drawings of responders. Be PROACTIVE1. Keep customers engaged by prroviding some money saving tips to customers with their monthly bill. Some2.examples of tips that may improve customer retention are family plans over individual plans that would allow for a cost savings Explain the benefit of texting if its cheaper than making phone calls explain the benefits of bundled plans over individual plans for phone, cable and TV tips to increase the life of the products that Cablecom provides.Newsletters about new products and services, explaining how these are useful to customers and how they are better than competition. Brining a comfort added benefit to customers on a monthly or quarterly basis will create an relationship for the services a company provides.I will not consider letting some customers leave anyway, unless those are financially unsustainable on long-term basis. at that place are different reasons for this1.2.3.4.5.If customer is there then job is available.It takes lots of advertising resources to get one customer.One satisfied customer brings more customers by word of m outh. One unsatisfied customer talks bad about company more loudly than a satisfiedcustomer talks good about company.Your competitor is getting your business.Question 9.In what major ways have the roles of information systems applications in business expanded during the last 40 historic period? What is one major change you think will happen in the next 10 years? The roles of information systems applications in business evolved in side by side(p) order during the last 40 years Technical changes or Data Processing Until 1960 information systems was used for minutes, processing, record keeping, accounting.Managerial changes (1960s to 80s)1. Management describe (1960s) MIS helped in making managerial decisions from pre defined managerial 2.reports.Decision Support System (1970s) Introduced to help management make decisions from the available raw data using unique inputs and style.Corporate Activities (1980s to 2000s)1. Strategic end user support (1980s) This includes end user comput ing, executive information for critical 2.3.decisions, use of artificial intelligence for strategy building, expert systems for providing knowledge to end user and strategic information on how to place products and services in competitive world. Enterprise Resource cooking (2000s) It includes every aspect of business ranging frommanufacturing, supply, sales, HR, Inventory management, marketing etc. This also uses business Intelligence for better insight into competitor activities.Enterprise beyond vendors and customers or global Networking (1990s) Introduction of e-commerce, ebusiness, development of internet, intranet and extranet.In future 10 years, speed and integrity of Information system will be crucial. This includes solving the problem of ethics in business, storage of personal information and data, missing or incorrect information. Some examples of thechallenges include insider trading in stock market, corruption in intelligence information corporations, credit card and i nsurance companies.P.S. I am having a hard time in fixing bullets and numbering on this page editor. It inserts numbers mechanically when not needed and does not accepts bullets when needed. So proper formatting is a challenge unless I type on this page. Any suggestions or ideas to fix this problem are welcome. Gubir, I had the same problem with formatting so related to indenting. Insead of typing this editor, I have been typing in a Microsoft word document, to sham and paste the text over. It allows me to do a better spell and grammar check as well. Lisa Question 1How can information technology support a companys business processes and decision making and give it a competitive advantage? Give examples to illustrate your answer. As stated in the textbook, information technology can help support all types of business by improving efficiency and effectiveness of businesses processes and decision making (Textbook, p.4). Incorporating information technology early in the decision makin g process and working collaboratively with the different business units will provide opportunities to strengthen a companys competitive bunk by creating innovative solutions to deliver in the marketplace.Additionally, its imperative to involve information technologist specialists or strategists(depending on the title designated by companies) at the very early stages of decision making processes. Understanding the role of IT in the managerial decision making process will help the manager make better decisions that provide a competitive edge. For example, a manager of retail store deciding which product line to add to a store may analyze computer generated reports to support his or her decision as the goal is to remain profitable and have an edge over the local competitor. The manager would demonstrate piteous decision making and leadership by reviewing reports after purchasing the product line. Carrying a product line that customers will not purchase does not make good business sen se.Further, managers involved in a companys strategic planning process should seek the knowledge and support of information technology specialists as well to determine the role information technology will play in developing and implementing the company short term and long term strategic initiatives. Information technology systems can be an essential ingredient in business processes such as product development, customer support processes, and ecommerce transactions (Textbook, pp. 8-9). For example, as a Retail Sales Manager for Chemical Bank, information technology lessons work collaboratively with me and other teams we develop new initiatives and projects to support the companys strategic plans.Most recently, the company embarked on a mission to increase the services and products of the current customers at penetration rate of 70%. A manager is sought the support IT as I created training of my staff to achieve the goal and also to develop the reporting of data to monitor progress t oward the goal. Without a robust product line and customer service centers to meet the needs of the customers, financial institutions are not profitable or competitive. Information technology helps financial institutions stay in tune with the customers needs, wants and pulse of the industry.Question 2.How does the use of the Internet, intranets, and extranets by companies today support their business processes activities?The Internet, intranets, extranets, and the technologies that support theapplications have changed the business processes, the productivity and communication of employees, and helped companies participate in a global marketplace. As a starting place, its imperative to evaluate how the Internet, intranets and extranets have revolutionized the work purlieu and productive of the employees driving businesses. Employees now ability to work virtually and collaborating with different work groups or teams from across the company via e- hop out, videoconferencing, e-discuss ion groups without geographic barriers.By utilizing intranets (networks within the company or enterprise), employees can support business applications from anywhere they have access or connectivity to an intranet. For example, employees at the financial institution I am employed, Chemical Bank, can access loan documents needed to close a loan for customer instantly from a cue on their desktop instead of waiting for an inter-office mail delivery from the loan department. All 142 branches have equal access in real time for loan documentation. Obviously, the speedier process of delivering loan document supports the banks profitability by getting the loans on the book quicker as well as providing better customer service because there is less wait time for the customer. Additionally, employee work more efficiently and the exchange of ideas flows better with the use of the intranet for internal projects and the extranet for interfacing and exchange of ideas with customers.The extranet (th e network or enterprise between the business and the customers/vendors) provides for the business and the employees the infrastructure to support business applications vital to many companies and the ability to collaborate among workgroups. (Textbook, p.12) Further, the Internet has benefits and supports businesses today by establishing a medium for the exchange of not only ideas but also goods and services. E-Commerce is defined by the book as the buying, selling, marketing, and servicing of products, services, and information over a variety of computer networks. (Textbook, p. 13) Businesses utilize the Internet in every step of the process involved in selling a service or good. Businesses advertise and market the goods and services on the Internet to stir the brand loyalty. Additionally, the ability to purchase goods on line and make payments increases the sales and profitability of companies.For example, Kohls department stores now have cells placed in their stores. Customers w ho cannot find a size of a particular item or merchandise that is no longer instock at one location utilizes the kiosk for service. The kiosk is an internet based selling system that allows customers to purchase items using their Kohls charge with all applicable discounts and the item will be sent to the customers home within a very short period of time. In years prior, customers would try to locate a sales representative who would contact another store to locate the item wanted which could take up to twenty minutes.Then, the option is given to the customer to pick up the item at another store that has it or have the merchandise delivered to a local store requiring another trip by the customer. The process was cumbersome and didnt provide the customer with an exception customer service experience. The kiosk on the other hand provides instant service and creates customer loyalty.Finally, the market research and data that the Internet provides can support a company all the way from p roduct development and innovation to the level of service being delivered by the employees on the front line. All of which is very important to businesses in making managerial decisions and deciding business processes. For example, financial institutions such as Chemical Bank are employing marketing firms to conduct Internet research to determine the brand loyalty of banking products or conducting online surveys to capture data about thecustomers experience in the branch as well as what products are missing from the banks current suite of products. Businesses can know how many clicks on their website to the feedback about the business service by monitoring Facebook and Twitter.4. Why do big companies still give away in their use of information technology? What should they be doing differently?Big companies still violate in their use of information technology because they do not follow the right-hand(a) strategies to apply this technology to work effectively. dexterity and effec tiveness are the keys to a successful company. Companies have to be aware of the implications and abilities of f their information technology and how to apply it to their daily businesspractices. They must be knowledgable and remain aware of the latest innovations in the technological machineries as well as its functions as well as its business applications. Many large companies do not realize the potential of the technology their current possess that contributes to them not seeing the value in the information technology because they are only mensuration the information in terms of effeciency when they actually should be looking at effectiveness in supporting the organizations buiness processes.Management of large companies fail to use information technology because they dont realize how it enhances the organizational structure and culture of the company and its potential to increase customers and business value of the organization. Management has to play the biggest role in the ch ange and take decisions accordingly to assist business and customer. Another important characteristic for big companies not to fail and do differently is to offer proper training for employees on the new technologies, to be able to work them in the appropriate way to deliver the right services. For example, Jackie Barretta, vice president and CIO of Con-Way, Inc. was able to benefit her cooperation from the changes she has made in adopting Agile development practices.Her actions have benefited the business as well as her employees, especially the IT department. thither was less time to develop projects and a greater communication with IT as they worked jointly and determined priorities. I made the case for change in IT by explaining how the business would benefit if we delivered the highest priority functionality faster. I also kept reiterating what was in it for them- and there was a lot (Textbook p19)When companies presidents take change in consideration to benefit the company, th erefore, they profited the company, the employees and the customers.5. How can a manager demonstrate that he or she is a responsible end user of information systems? Give several examples.Managers have to be responsible end user of the information system. They have to be accountable for all aspects of corporation and take the right decisions at the right time to crusade the business and its employees.Managers will have to be in charge and work thoroughly with the employees on the information system to make sure to deliver the benefits of the system. musical composition doing so, managers have to secure the system and use ways to protect it through passwords for example to forbid the access to sensitive information. Also, if manager are working from computers not based in the company, there will be a great chance of viruses and spam that will put the information system in danger. Therefore, securing the work on the IS is a great deal before taking action or creating any change.Mana gers will have to monitor the work of their employees as well as the affectivity of their jobs on the system they are working on. When a manager knows of their duties and the responsibilities that are to be made for an efficient business then there will not be a problem delivering these liabilities through the information system.Being end users, managers will have to identify flaws and mistakes that take place and not over look them. When these strategies are used, it makes the job easy on both manager and employees as they work cooperatively and the security of the information system will not be likely jeopardized.